Speech-Language Pathology Professor Awarded $1.4 Million Federal Grant to Develop Writing Intervention  

The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) defines a language-based learning disability (LLD) as problems with reading, spelling, or writing in the face of intact hearing, cognition, and neurological functioning. Though many researchers and institutions have focused on supporting students with LLD to improve reading skills, the Department of Speech-Language Pathology at Seton Hall University, along with partners from various universities, will spend the next four years building an intervention to improve writing skills in students with language-based learning disabilities.

Department of Speech-Language Pathology, received $1.4 million in grant funding from the U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Science's National Center for Special Education Research (NCSER) program to develop and test an intervention for improving writing in 4th and 5th grade students with LLD. The program, Writing in Students with Language-based Learning Disabilities, also known as Project WILLD, will allow researchers to create and field-test an intervention through an iterative process that allows for feedback from educators and schoolchildren who participate. 

The purpose of Project WILLD is to create an intervention that targets word, sentence, and discourse level writing skills in students with LLD. It will be administered as part of individualized education plan (IEP) special education or speech-language pathology services to improve writing outcomes in students with LLD. The intervention created through Project WILLD can be implemented by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and/or special educators (SEs) working with elementary-aged students. The intervention will go through four iterations of development over the four years of the project.

Language-based Learning Disability Interventions 
"Children with LLD are those who have difficulty with reading and writing with related oral-language deficits," says Dr. Koutsoftas. "It could be that early childhood oral-language deficits are the cause of reading and writing difficulties or that oral language deficits emerged later in school when language demands of the curriculum have surpassed a child's written language ability. Either way, writing ability is an essential component of modern life for academic and social purposes and Project WILLD will work to find ways for educators and speech-language pathologists to improve writing skills for elementary students with LLD."

Currently, 4th and 5th grade students with LLD receive oral language supports from a speech-language pathologist and written language supports from special educators. The goal of Project WILLD is to combine oral and written language intervention strategies into one program that meets the needs of these students and can be delivered by either special educators or speech- language pathologists. One of the goals of this work is to reduce the amount of time that students with special education needs are pulled from the general education classroom, while improving their writing skills.

"Being awarded this grant from the U.S. Department of Education is a testament to the dedication of our expert faculty who diligently seek to transform theory into clinical practice. Dr. Koutsoftas' research agenda and those of many other SHMS faculty continue to advance practice, research and education through their groundbreaking innovations." said Dr. Brian B. Shulman, Dean of the School of Health and Medical Sciences at Seton Hall University.

WILLD Through the Years 
During the first year of the project, the researchers will develop a 12-week intervention designed to improve writing in these 4th and 5th grade students. The intervention will focus on science topics including the environment, pollution, the solar system, and some local ecosystems of New Jersey. Development activities include writing lesson plans, gathering science-related materials including books and videos, and ways to measure the usability of the intervention. At the end of the first year, educators, including special educators and speech-language pathologists, will be recruited to review and provide feedback on the materials.

In the second year, the intervention will undergo its first field test that will use a pre- and post- test research design with the goal of demonstrating the usability, feasibility, and impact of the intervention. With each component of year two, the researchers will further refine and develop the intervention.

"The iterative process is the part of this project that I am most excited about," says Koutsoftas, "because it allows us to make changes to the intervention based on end user feedback from educators, speech-language pathologists, and most importantly, the children who participate in the intervention. In doing so, we can refine the intervention to something that can be readily and easily implemented in school settings."

Within year three of the project, researchers will conduct a small randomized controlled trial of the intervention that involves approximately 10 educators and 50 students with language-based learning disabilities. This will be the pilot study of the intervention to demonstrate the feasibility of Project WILLD.

Finally in year four, the team will report their findings, make materials available through the SHU ROW-Lab website, and develop a grant proposal for scale up and initial efficacy testing. At the end of the fourth year of the project, the researchers will be able to share findings on how to better improve writing outcomes for students with LLD.

Training Future SLPs 
This grant provides funding for two graduate students over the first three years of the project. Under the grant guidelines, two graduate students currently pursuing a Master of Science in Speech-Language Pathology or a PhD program with a focus in speech-language pathology or special education will be hired for each year of the project and receive some tuition remission along with a monthly stipend. They will work 20 hours per week supporting project activities.

Researchers and Consultants 
In addition to the key personnel who will serve as consultants, grant funds have been allocated to hire a full-time project coordinator for three years. The candidate for this position will need to be a licensed New Jersey speech-language pathologist and will work to support the co-principal investigators on the project who are listed below:

• Anthony D. Koutsoftas, PhD, CCC-SLP, Associate Professor, Department of Speech Language Pathology and Director of the Reading Oral-Language and Writing Lab at Seton Hall University; Project Director for WILLD 
• Cynthia Puranik, PhD, Professor, College of Education and Human Development, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA; Co-Project Director for WILLD 

Consultants: 

• Kenn Apel, PhD CCC-SLP, Professor, University of South Carolina 
• Gary Troia, PhD CCC-SLP, Associate Professor of Special Education, Michigan State University 
• Yaacov Petscher, PhD, Associate Director at the Florida Center for Reading Research, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL

For more information on Project WILLD and available grant-funded positions, contact Dr. Koutsoftas at [email protected] or visit his blog.

Categories: Health and Medicine, Research